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DB_E_SCHEMAVIOLATION
Meaning
Windows documents DB_E_SCHEMAVIOLATION as “Values violate the database schema”. Here, a row insert, update or definition operation supplies values that violate the data source schema.
Relevant OLE DB contract
This result must be interpreted against this contract: OLE DB schema contracts combine DBIDs, provider type metadata, column attributes, constraints and locale rules; current provider metadata is authoritative; cached ordinals or type assumptions can become invalid after a schema or command change.
Start with the table, column, parameter or schema object named by the failing definition or data operation when investigating this result.
Diagnostic sequence
- Capture this result immediately at the native OLE DB return and obtain the current OLE DB error object before another COM call replaces thread error information.
- Identify the exact stage: a row insert, update or definition operation supplies values that violate the data source schema.
Specific conditions that produce it
- Cause 1: a required column is omitted or receives NULL.
- Cause 2: a value exceeds a declared length, domain or check restriction.
- Cause 3: the submitted column set conflicts with provider-specific schema rules not represented by the consumer model.
Evidence to collect before changing the system
- Evidence 1: the table and column identifiers involved in the operation.
- Evidence 2: column metadata for nullability, length, type and default values.
- Evidence 3: OLE DB error records and per-column status values identifying the violated rule.
Corrective actions
- Action 1: refresh schema metadata before constructing bindings and values.
- Action 2: validate required fields and domain restrictions before sending the row.
- Action 3: preserve provider diagnostics so the exact schema rule can be corrected instead of guessing.
Retry and recovery policy
Retry rule: retry only after the submitted values or schema have changed to satisfy the reported rule.
Difference from related HRESULT values
DB_E_INTEGRITYVIOLATION focuses on an integrity constraint for a column or table, while DB_E_SCHEMAVIOLATION is the broader mismatch with the data source schema.
Practical incident
A deployment adds a NOT NULL column but an older client continues inserting the previous column set; refreshing metadata and supplying the new field resolves it.
Official Microsoft references
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