What does Windows error code 10041 (WSAEPROTOTYPE) mean?

WSAEPROTOTYPE

WSAEPROTOTYPE is a socket-construction mismatch. The requested protocol does not implement the communication semantics implied by the selected socket type. A familiar example is choosing UDP while requesting a stream socket: UDP is datagram-oriented, while SOCK_STREAM requests a reliable byte stream.

How to read the three creation parameters

A socket is selected by address family, type, and protocol. The family chooses an addressing namespace such as IPv4 or IPv6; the type chooses stream, datagram, raw, or another communication model; the protocol must be compatible with both. The code therefore points to the call that creates the socket or selects a provider, not to a server-side failure after a connection begins.

Useful checks

• Log the exact af, type, and protocol passed to socket or WSASocket.
• Use a protocol of zero when the selected family and type have an unambiguous default, unless a specific transport is required.
• Keep raw or provider-specific socket setup separate from ordinary TCP/UDP setup.

Microsoft: WSASocket · Microsoft: Winsock error codes · The Open Group: socket

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