BSOD 109 (SESSION1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED): causes and diagnosis

Status / error code:		Category:

Constant name:
Source:		Operating System:
Description: SESSION1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED

Could be also:
Constant	Type	OS
ERROR_BROKEN_PIPE	Win32 error	Windows
ETOOMANYREFS	errno	Linux
EDESTADDRREQ	errno	Windows

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REFMON_INITIALIZATION_FAILED	SESSION2_INITIALIZATION_FAILED

SESSION1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED

SESSION1_INITIALIZATION_FAILED is bug check 0x6D. Microsoft defines parameter 1 as the NTSTATUS that caused initialization to fail; parameters 2 through 4 are zero. The status value, not the word SESSION1, is the primary diagnostic discriminator.

Decode the first argument first

Resolve parameter 1 against the NTSTATUS definitions and keep the exact hexadecimal value. It can point toward the failed prerequisite far more directly than broad boot troubleshooting. The public reference does not map SESSION1 to a user logon session or publish additional subcodes.

Build a focused failure timeline

Note the NTSTATUS, Windows build, and whether the crash is repeatable at the same boot point.
Use !analyze -v to find the stack that propagated the status into the initialization failure.
Compare only dumps with the same status before attributing the problem to one component.

References

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