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ENETDOWN
The failure is below the remote service
ENETDOWN reports that a socket operation encountered a network that the local stack considers down. It is a local-path condition: the relevant interface, virtual interface, link, or network configuration may be unavailable before the system can reach the remote service.
Do not equate this with ECONNREFUSED or a remote application failure. A refused connection is an active endpoint-level result; ENETDOWN indicates that the operation could not proceed through a usable local network path.
Evidence to retain
- Capture the address family, selected route, source interface, interface state, and any sleep/wake, VPN, dock, or network-configuration events.
- Check whether the failure affects every destination that uses the same interface rather than only one host or port.
- Keep the kernel error with timestamped network-state information; an application retry alone cannot identify whether the path recovered or merely changed routes.
Different reachability scope
ENETUNREACH identifies no route to a destination network, while EHOSTUNREACH is host-specific. ENETDOWN is the broader local condition that the network itself is unavailable to the socket layer.
References
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